Canker Sore Remedies - Health 911
www.health911.com/remedies/rem_cank.htm - 15k
Modify Lifestyle
� Have a thorough checkup by your dentist to eliminate dental problems as the cause.
� If you suspect you may have candidaisis (yeast infection) or celiac disease, check with your healthcare provider.
� Begin a dietary modification program as outlined below.
Dietary Changes
� Check to see if you have food allergies. Have a blood test done or do an elimination diet.
� Avoid sweets and citrus fruits, all refined and processed foods, and coffee and sugar.
� Reduce foods and beverages that create more acidity in the body. Sodas, for instance, are very acidic.
� Eliminate grain foods if you have determined that this is the cause of your cankers.
� Eliminate chewing gum, lozenges with sugar, and candy.
� Eat products containing acidophilus, such as yogurt, kefir, cottage cheese or buttermilk.
Supplements
B-complex vitamin If you are prone to canker sores, take a B-complex vitamin on a regular basis. B-2 (riboflavin) seems to be a great help. This prevents the sores from starting or reduces their duration.
Vitamin C in its various forms has proven successful. The citric acid will kill the bacteria in the sore and promote healing.
Zinc is also beneficial and should be used in combination with vitamin C for best results. Take 500 mg of vitamin C and 220 mg of zinc sulfate (with food, as it may upset an empty stomach) daily until the canker heals. If you get cankers frequently, take these supplements as a preventive measure, but cut down the zinc to 15 mg after two weeks of higher doses unless you have a doctor's permission. Higher doses of zinc may interfere with the absorption of other important minerals, especially copper. Try sucking on zinc lozenges (5-10 mg) four or five times a day.
Remedies
If you do get a canker, here are some remedies to clear it up and reduce the pain. In general, cankers go away in 7-10 days. One of these remedies may help you relieve the pain and get rid of cankers sooner.
Folk
Acidophilus Take 2-4 acidophilus capsules four times a day with milk. Make sure the tablets contain living organisms. The milk is an activating culture medium for the bacilli. This will reduce the pain and speed up healing. Eating plain yogurt (with acidophilus) with live cultures will add friendly bacteria to your mouth and help healing by competing with the bad bacteria. Yogurt seems to stimulates the immune system.
Aloe Use aloe juice as a mouth rinse several times a day.
Alum The preservative alum can be put on the canker. It will probably burn like crazy for a few minutes and make your mouth pucker, but it will relieve the pain and help clear the sore up quickly. Rinse with water after a few minutes. Repeat once or twice a day, as needed. Alum can be found in the spice section of your grocery store.
Antacids Antacid formulas, such as Mylanta and Milk of Magnesia, used as a mouth rinse for a few minutes have been reported to relieve the pain and speed healing.
Baking soda Baking soda is another time-honored remedy. It can either be used as a powder directly on the sore or made into a paste and applied. Use several times daily. It may sting a bit, but it works by reducing the amount of bacteria in the mouth. Another remedy using baking soda is to mix a teaspoon of baking soda with half a cup of warm water and use as a mouth wash several times a day, especially after meals and before bedtime. The pain should lessen in 24 hours and the sore should disappear within three days. Note: because baking soda contains a high level of sodium, those who must limit their intake of sodium should rinse their mouths out thoroughly after using it.
Copper sulfate (a/k/a bluestone) is an old remedy for canker sores that goes back at least to the 19th century. It is an astringent, and was also known as "lunar caustic." It stings upon application, but the canker sores should be gone in a day or two. This product may be ordered through chemical supply companies. Remedy courtesy of Becca Buzzell.
DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) Put it on sores with your fingers or a cotton ball.
Grapefruit seed extract This extract is a powerful all-around antimicrobial product and is an excellent disinfectant. Use five or six drops in a glass of water and use as a mouthwash once daily.
Hydrogen peroxide Found at your pharmacy, hydrogen peroxide may also be used as an effective mouthwash. Swish a capful around in your mouth twice a day and spit out. Another remedy says to use three parts water to one part hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is very good at killing bacteria, but use it sparingly when needed unless recommended by your dentist. It can kill too many good bacteria and cause other dental problems.
Lomatium (Lomatium dissectum) has a long history of use by Native Americans. Research suggests that it may be effective against viruses and is a prime infection fighter. Use an extract instead of a tincture to avoid getting a full-body rash.
- Combine equal parts of tinctures of echinacea, calendula, oats, burdock, and lomatium and take 1/2 teaspoon four or five times a day. This combination of herbs will boost the immune system, soothe inflamed tissues, remove toxins from the body, and kill viruses and bacteria.
Onion Apply raw onion to the sore.
Papaya Cankers can be cleared up by sucking on or chewing several papaya tablets a couple of times each day. Fresh papaya fruit would be good, too, if you can find it, and, if you live where there are fresh papaya leaves, chew on them.
Plum juice Take two tablespoons of fresh plum juice and use it as a mouth rinse for several minutes. For a bad sore soak a cotton ball in plum juice and use it as a compress for a few minutes.
Soda/salt At the first sign of a canker sore, gargle with a mixture of 1 teaspoon soda and a pinch of salt in 1 cup of warm water.
Sorrel Take a fresh piece of this bitter herb and place it on the sore until it becomes soggy; repeat. It should ease the pain quickly and speed healing. Sorrel has astringent and antiseptic properties and has long been used for various skin ailments.
Tea Try using a used tea bag on the canker. Press it on the sore like a wad of chewing tobacco and hold it there as long as you can. The tannic acid in the tea is an astringent and will relieve pain and aid healing.
Tea tree oil This oil is derived from the leaves of the native Australian Melaleuca alternifolia tree, and contains antiseptic compounds that are a very effective skin disinfectant. Depending on severity, use 5-15% solutions daily.
Water, salt Salt water is another remedy you can use. Mix 2 tablespoons of salt in a 6 ounce glass of warm water and use as a mouth rinse 3-4 times a day. Both alum and salt help draw fluid from the canker and help it to heal.
Herbal
Burdock The herb burdock (Arctium lappa), taken as a tea or in capsules, may effectively treat cankers and other skin problems such as eczema, boils, acne, herpes and syphilitic sores, styes, carbuncles, and psoriasis. To make the tea, bring 1 quart of water to a boil, reduce to simmer, adding 4 teaspoons of cut, dried root. Cover and let simmer for 7 minutes, then remove from heat and let steep for 2 more hours. Drink a minimum of 2 cups a day on an empty stomach (more if a chronic problem exists). You may also use the tea as a skin wash.
Goldenseal Make a mouth rinse of 1/4 teaspoon salt, 1/2 teaspoon goldenseal powder, and 1 cup of warm water. Use several times a day. You can also apply a pinch of powdered goldenseal to the sore.
Lady's mantle Drink an infusion of lady's mantle to soothe the canker.
Myrrh Another herb, myrrh (Commiphora myrrah) helps cure canker sores. It can be made into a tea or the powder can be applied to the sore. To make the tea add 2 sprigs of coarsely chopped parsley, 3 whole spice cloves, 1 teaspoon of powdered myrrh, and 1/4 teaspoon powdered goldenseal to 1 pint of boiling water. Steep. Stir occasionally while cooling, then strain and use as a mouthwash. This tea will also help with bad breath and sore throats. To use the powder directly, empty two capsules onto a clean surface, moisten a cotton swab, dip it into the powder, and apply directly to the sore. Doing this twice a day should clear up the sore in less than a week. Another mouthwash can be made by using 1 teaspoon each of powdered myrrh, goldenseal and cayenne pepper blended in one quart of water.
Sage Sage (Salvia officinalis) made into a tea and used as a mouthwash is effective in healing cankers. It has astringent and drying properties and was used by Native Americans to heal sores and cleanse the mouth. You can also apply a pinch of powdered sage to the sore.
Homeopathic (gr. = granules)
Thuja 9: 5 gr. on waking, once a fortnight.
Cinnabaris 4: 2 gr. twice a day.
Arsenicum album 7 and Hydrastis 7: 2 gr. at about 6 PM. Each remedy on alternate days.
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Canker Sores
Canker sores are painful, recurring ulcers (white spots) that appear inside the mouth on the cheeks or edge of the tongue. It is generally believed that certain factors, such as stress, poor dental hygiene, candidiasis, food allergies, and nutritional deficiencies are possible triggers for canker sores. Keep track of when you get canker sores so you can determine ways to avoid getting them.
Causes
Have you been under stress, or recently eaten certain foods, such as chocolate, strawberries, certain nuts, peanut butter or cinnamon? Citrus fruits and juices, especially orange, grapefruit and lemon, and tomatoes are often cited as possible causes. Eggs, wheat, pork, oranges, honey and brewer's yeast can also be culprits. Recent dental work, ill fitting dentures or braces can be causes. Do you suffer from allergies, have recently menstruated or had antibiotics? Even local injury to the mouth from brushing your teeth too hard, eating sharp or hard foods, or chewing can cause cankers. These possible causes may give you clues as to where the sores came from and how to avoid them.
It is suspected that food allergies are a major cause of many cankers. You may want to have allergy tests done or test yourself by eliminating the suspected foods from your diet for a few weeks, then reintroduce them one at a time and see which one triggers a canker. Cutting out sugar, coffee, and spicy or salty foods, may help as well. Individuals with celiac disease - the inability to digest the gluten in some grain (wheat, oats, rye and barley) foods - have a greater incidence of canker sores. Even without celiac disease, however, a person who is prone to canker sores may be more sensitive to gluten.
Having too much acidity in your stomach has been reported as a possible cause. If your body is too acidic and you have to take antacids regularly. See our Digestion/Intestinal Health section to help you balance your acidity and improve your canker sore problem. You just may kill two birds with one stone!
Nutritional deficiencies are another possible cause. Deficiencies in iron, zinc, B12, and folate (folic acid) can contribute to cankers. We suggest taking a good multi-vitamin and making sure you have a good diet as part of your program to overcome canker sores. Adding beta-carotene to your diet will speed the healing of the mucous membranes in your mouth.
Call your healthcare provider if the cankers develop after starting medication, last more than two weeks, or if white spots that are not canker sores appear in the mouth and are not improving in one or two weeks. Also see your doctor if you have a painless ulcer in your mouth that doesn't go away as it may be the symptom of a more serious underlying medical condition.
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5 Foods That Fix Bad Breath - Beauty Eats on Yahoo! Food
http://food.yahoo.com/blog/beautyeats/9486/5-foods-that-fix-bad-breath
5 Foods That Fix Bad Breath
What to do? When your breath has been turned toxic by smelly foods -- usually garlic, onions, or curry, but fish and cheese can do a number too -- you need an air freshener for your mouth. And often: every 30 to 60 minutes until whatever it is has cleared out of your bloodstream, which sometimes can take up to 24 hours. Since brushing constantly is impossible, try countering offending foods with what's likely to be handiest: other foods.
1. Lemons. Suck on a lemon wedge or nibble on the rind -- easy to do in restaurants, where there's often a citrus garnish and if not, you can order sparkling water with lemon. For other times, lemon-flavored hard candies work just as well and are totally portable.
2. Parsley and other green garnishes. When your favorite garlic-laden pasta dish or onion-topped burger arrives with a few sprigs of parsley on the side, consider it a hint, not just eye appeal. Chewing on the sprigs afterward releases parsley's pleasant, breath-freshening oils. Garnishes of fresh basil and rosemary work too.
3. Apples and other crisp-fresh foods (firm pears, carrots, jicama). They're high in fiber, all that chewing ups saliva production, and the combo acts like a scrubbing rinse for your mouth. Sweet.
3. Crunchy spices. For a more exotic solution, pick up some anis, cardamom, coriander, and/or fennel seeds in your grocery's spice aisle. Mix equal parts in a small covered bowl and keep on the dining room table next to the salt and pepper. Chewing on a few seeds will release enough oils to sweeten after-dinner curry or coffee breath. And your mouth will taste amazing.
4. Mint sprigs or cinnamon sticks. Either of these deliciously potent flavors will squelch the sulphurous scent of onion or garlic. Plus, an essential oil in cinnamon kills a nasty type of oral bacteria, should they be aiming to set up house in your mouth. Cinnamon or mint gums are just as effective. If you pick a gum sweetened with Xylitol, it will freshen breath and help reduce cavities -- smart if you're a gum lover. Bonus: Long-term good oral care can actually make your RealAge more than 6 years younger.
5. Berries and yogurt. If you can't get through most days without indulging in foods that are hardly breath-friendly, eat for prevention -- even better than a cure. Consuming a half-cup of plain, sugar-free yogurt twice a day can lower mouth levels of hydrogen sulfide (yes, that rotten egg smell). Berries (and melons, oranges, and other fruits high in vitamin C) also deter stinky mouth bacteria. Start and end the day with a fruit cup topped with a big dollop of yogurt and you might never have to worry about bad breath again.
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/4229430.html
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Miller, Ercell L. (Columbia, MO, US)
| 7102423 | Aug, 1972 | NL | |
1. A therapeutic composition for topical oral administration for stimulating production of collagen consisting essentially of about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent by weight/volume of a pharmaceutically acceptable, water soluble zinc salt and about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent by weight/volume of ascorbic acid or sodium ascorbate.
2. The composition according to claim 1 wherein the ratio of the zinc salt to the ascorbic acid or sodium ascorbate is substantially 1 to 1 by weight.
3. The composition according ing to claim 2 wherein the zinc salt is ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O.
4. The composition according to claim 3 wherein the pH is from about 4 to about 5.
5. A method for treating oral tissues by stimulating the production of collagen comprising topically administering thereto a therapeutically effective amount of a composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent by weight/volume of a pharmaceutically acceptable, water soluble zinc salt and about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent by weight/volume of ascorbic acid or sodium ascorbate.
6. The method according to claim 5 wherein the composition has a pH from about 4 to about 5 and includes ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O and sodium ascorbate.
7. The method according to claim 6 wherein the ratio of the ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O to the sodium ascorbate is substantially 1 to 1 by weight.
8. A method for treating pregnancy gingivitis comprising topically administering to oral tissues a therapeutically effective amount of a composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent by weight/volume of a pharmaceutically acceptable, water soluble zinc salt and about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent by weight/volume of ascorbic acid or sodium ascorbate.
9. A method for treating oral canker sores comprising topically administering to oral tissues a therapeutically effective amount of a composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent by weight/volume of a pharmaceutically acceptable, water soluble zinc salt and about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent by weight/volume of ascorbic acid or sodium ascorbate.
10. A method for treating idopathic hypogeusia comprising topically administering to oral tissues a therapeutically effective amount of a composition consisting essentially of about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent by weight/volume of a pharmaceutically acceptable, water soluble zinc salt and about 0.5 to about 2.0 percent by weight/volume of ascorbic acid or sodium ascorbate.
All of the causative factors in the etiology of a healthy oral condition are not known. It is known, however, that a reduction in the amount of zinc ions or in the amount of ascorbic acid available to nourish the oral tissues adversely affects their physiological tone. How much of this is the result of enzymatic, microbial and other factors has not been determined. What has been clinically observed, however, is that sometimes the oral tissues become edematous, inflammed and susceptible to microbial attack.
It has been known for centuries that vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy. More recently, it has become known that the formation of normal collagen depends on ascorbic acid. Since ascorbic acid is involved in some hydroxylation reactions, the slowness with which scorbutics commonly heal may be caused by insufficient cross-linking in collagen due to decreased hydroxylation of proline.
It is known that a diet deficient in ascorbic acid or zinc renders the gingiva more susceptible to bacterial attack. Excess amounts of dietary ascorbic acid or zinc, however, do not increase the amount of these materials in the saliva and have no corresponding beneficial effect on the oral tissues.
There have been studies which have shown that the amount of zinc and vitamin C is depleted in the blood and in the cells by stress. It is also known that the plasma concentration of zinc decreases during pregnancy, and among some patients on oral contraceptives. Other studies have shown that zinc plays a role in the taste bud support system and in the mechanism of tastant-receptor binding. Zinc depletion is known to occur in patients taking drugs like Dilantin or in subjects on diets heavy in fiber or phytate. Still other factors are known to interfere with the intestinal absorption or with the utilization of zinc ions as well as of ascorbic acid.
The physiological tone of the oral mucosa, however, is not the only factor in maintaining a healthy oral condition. Epidemiological studies have suggested that microbial plaque is a major factor contributing to dental caries and periodontal disease. Numerous mechanisms by which dental caries may occur have been suggested. According to the most widely accepted concept, specific microbes present in bacterial plaque colonize the surface of the teeth, ferment dietary carbohydrates and produce organic acids. These acids demineralize the teeth, causing the enamel to decay.
Plaque is also implicated in periodontal disease. Although the precise cause of periodontal disease remains unclear, it is widely accepted that the primary cause is bacterial plaque located in the gingival crevice between the surface of the teeth and the gingiva.
Mechanical debridement of plaque by brushing and use of floss is still the primary recommended and accepted method for the prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease. This approach is successful when rigorously practiced but is so highly labor-intensive that most people are not sufficiently motivated to practice it consistently. Since plaque is quickly reformed, continual brushing and flossing are essential to this method of therapy. Moreover, in the presence of gingival inflammation, mechanical methods of plaque removal frequently cause gingival hemorrhage. This often causes the patient to divert from his brushing and flossing regimen.
The focus in oral hygiene has been on a chemical method for dealing with oral plaque. While this clearly would have an obvious clinical advantage for use alone or more effectively in combination with mechanical methods, a more perfect therapeutic composition would also have a beneficial effect on the oral mucosa beyond that of a mere antimicrobial agent.
The problems in just dealing with plaque, however, should not be underestimated. In search of an effective chemical, it is important to keep in mind that the periodontal tissues may be colonized by as many as 150 different species of microorganisms. The particular microbial flora in any given area of the mouth at any given time is the result of the microbial succession that has taken place up to that time. Not all of the oral microflora are implicated in dental caries or in periodontal disease but those pathogenic genera which are responsible are, in general, among those most difficult to kill. Moreover, the net development of dental caries and periodontal disease is the result of the interplay of numerous organisms. From this, it is clear that an effective chemical method of just treating plaque must have a broad antimicrobial spectrum and be effective against those specific organisms that cause the problem.
In search of an effective chemical method for dealing with oral plaque, many chemicals have been tried. Several forms of antibiotics such as penicillin inhibit plaque formation, but the development of resistant organisms and patient sensitivity along with other side effects have seriously restricted their application.
To avoid the problems associated with systemic antibiotics, dental research has focused on antiseptics and on drugs uniquely involved in the biology of the mouth. Among the many materials tested for this purpose have been zinc salts and ascorbic acid. For example, zinc salts have been used as astringents in mouthwashes for the purpose of flocculating and precipitating proteinaceous material so that it can be removed by flushing. Ascorbic acid has been tried in the prevention of dental plaque. U.S. Pat. No. 2,470,906 to R. Taylor.
Combinations of zinc salts with certain other antibacterial agents have been tried. U.S. Pat. No. 4,022,880 to L. Vinson et al. Still others have tried zinc salts with enzymes. U.S. Pat. No. 4,082,841 to M. Pader. Oxidizing preparations containing ascorbic acid, a peroxide and a metal ion catalyst have also been tried. U.S. Pat. No. 3,065,139 to S. Ericsson et al.
It has now been found that a combination of zinc ions and ascorbic acid provides a therapeutic composition which improves the physiological tone of the oral tissues as well as providing a therapeutic composition which is surprisingly effective against the oral microflora responsible for plaque. More particularly, it has been found that when these agents are combined a greater than additive antimicrobial effect can be obtained.
In view of the above, among the several objects of the present invention may be noted the provision of a therapeutic composition for use in improving the physiological tone of the oral tissues and for use in reducing oral plaque. Other objects and features will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter.
In general, the new compositions embodying the present invention contain a pharmaceutically acceptable, water soluble zinc salt and ascorbic acid or an active analog thereof. To be useful herein for the purpose of both improving physiological tone and reducing plaque, the zinc salt and the ascorbic acid must be present in an amount sufficient to provide a synergistic combination which has a greater than additive antimicrobial effect on the microflora found in the oral cavity. At the heart of the invention is the discovery of such synergistic combinations.
The provision of such a therapeutic composition is a major accomplishment. For example, to be effective for the present purpose, the composition must provide an antiseptic with a broad antimicrobial spectrum. On the other hand, to avoid harming the mucosa, it cannot be too concentrated. Since, as such, it cannot be formulated strong enough to kill all of the organisms right away, it is important that it not be immediately cleared from the oral cavity but continues to be effective for some time thereafter. There is also the diluting effect of the saliva and the reinoculation of the oral cavity to contend with. Since the composition may act by chemical combination with the mucosal and microbial photoplasm, it is important that the therapeutic composition not be inactivated by combination with the constituents of the saliva or exudates of the infections. Finally, it is important that the present combinations be shelf stable and compatible with pharmaceutical carriers and other ingredients normally found in oral preparations. It is a further definite advantage that the combination is relatively inexpensive to formulate.
Insofar as known prior to the present discovery, it was not known that a combination of zinc ions and ascorbic acid could give rise to a synergistic combination if present at effective levels. Nor was it known that such a combination would provide a therapeutic effect after the combination is emptied from the mouth. While some of the benefits observed for higher levels of zinc and ascorbic acid may have been expected, there was no teaching in the prior art as to how those levels could be effectively raised in the oral cavity.
The therapeutic compositions of the present invention comprise a mixture of a pharmaceutically acceptable water soluble zinc salt and ascorbic acid or an active analog thereof. They are non-toxic and innocuous tasting and they produce no normal irritation or allergic reactions. In the context of the present invention, ascorbic acid includes l-ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic acid and sodium ascorbate. Its active analogs include l-glucoascorbic acid, d-araboascorbic acid, l-rhamnoascorbic acid, 6-desoxy-l-ascorbic acid and the like.
Suitable zinc salts include those zine compounds which are soluble in water at body temperature. Suitable salts must be pharmaceutically acceptable. As such, they must be safe and organoleptically tolerable in the oral cavity and have no significant side effects either orally or systemically. Among the useful zinc salts are those formed from the following organic and inorganic anions: acetate, benzoate, borate, bromide, carbonate, citrate, chloride, glycerophosphate, hexafluorosilicate, phenolsulfonate, silicate, alkanoates having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, such as zinc stearate, sulfate, tannate, titanate, tetrafluoroborate or the like. If the combination is to be stored, to prevent the oxidation of ascorbic acid, it is preferred that oxidizing zinc salts such as zinc peroxide be avoided. It is also preferred that an antioxidant such as vitamin E be added. The zinc salts may be used singly or in combination but zinc sulfate used alone is preferred.
In accordance with the present invention, the zinc salt and the ascorbic acid is present in that amount sufficient to provide a synergistic combination effective as an antimicrobial agent against such difficult to kill oral microflora as Actinomyces viscosus, alpha Streptococcus, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus mutans. Excessive amounts of zinc salts beyond that necessary to provide an effective combination should be avoided since such compositions are unpleasantly astringent. Similarly, excessive amounts of ascorbic acid should be avoided since such compositions are unpleasantly acidic. The pH of the mixture is preferably between about 4 and 5, most preferably about 4.5. This can be easily achieved by providing the ascorbic acid partly in the form of sodium ascorbate.
Normally, the zinc salt and ascorbic acid is in a pharmaceutical carrier which may be either a liquid or solid. For example, where the oral composition is a mouthwash, the balance of the preparation may consist of water, ethyl alcohol and a polyhydric alcohol such as glycerol or sorbitol. Flavoring agents and sweeteners may also be added along with stabilizers such as TWEEN 80.
The composition of the present invention can also be formulated as a paste, powder or liquid dentrifrice, chewing gum, tablet, lozenge or the like. When the composition is a toothpaste, there may be present polishing agents, foaming agents and so forth which are compatible with the zinc salt and with the ascorbic acid.
When the zinc salt is ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O, an effective mouthwash is prepared wherein the concentration of said salt is at least 0.5 percent by weight/volume and wherein the ascorbic acid is present in a similar amount. Preferably, the amount of ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O and the amount of ascorbic acid should not be more than about 2.0 percent by weight/volume to avoid excessive astringency and acidity, respectively. Depending on the solubility of the zinc salt, the amounts thereof must be adjusted to provide an effective synergistic combination.
In use, the therapeutic composition is contacted with the oral tissues for several minutes and then emptied. It has an immediate antimicrobial effect and continues to exert an antimicrobial and therapeutic effect for some time thereafter.
The following examples illustrate the invention.
EXAMPLE 1
A mouthwash was prepared from the following components:
95% Ethyl Alcohol--200 ml
ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O--20 g
Ascorbic Acid--20 g
Glycerin--100 ml
Water q. s.--1000 ml
EXAMPLE 2
Twenty guinea pigs weighing 350.+-.12 grams were treated with 4 ml of the mouthwash described in Example 1 twice daily for ninety days. The mouthwash was applied with a sterile cotton swab into the oral cavity of each animal.
The animals were sacrificed after ninety days. Tissues from the gingiva, salivary glands and mucosa of the oral cavity were obtained and fixed for histological examination. The results showed no pathological changes in the tissues and no irritation or edema as compared to ten control animals that received no treatment.
EXAMPLE 3
To evaluate the mouthwash described in Example 1 for its effect in reducing oral plaque and in improving the physiological tone of the oral tissues, sixty patients were clinically observed. The symptoms and conditions presented by the patients were diverse but could be generally divided into five categories: gingivitis periodontitis, periodontal abscess, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, juvenile periodontitis and desquamative gingivitis.
The patients were asked not to change any of their daily habits or to alter the intake of any medication that they were presently taking. Approximately half of the patients were given the mouthwash described in Example 1. These patients were instructed to use it twice daily, diluting it 1:1 with water, taking a mouthful, holding it in the mouth with agitation for two minutes and then emptying.
The other half of the patients were given a mouthwash like that described in Example 1 but without any ascorbic acid. These patients were also given liquid ascorbic acid and the instruction to put 4 or 5 drops of it in the mouth, hold it for two minutes and then swallow.
Most of the patients were observed at one-week intervals. Before treatment, typical symptoms of unhealthy gingiva were swelling, mild to gross edema and mild to frank hemorrhage. A majority had an obvious disagreeable mouth odor and all had a desire to improve. Consequently, it can be assumed that they were reasonably consistent in the use of the mouthwash and the ascorbic acid as directed.
Those patients with extreme pathological conditions showed marked improvement in 1 to 3 days. In all cases, there was a marked clinical improvement at the end of one week. In most instances, the frank hemorrhage had stopped, edema lessened, appearance of stippling increased and color begun to change from bright red to a lighter pink. At the end of the second and third weeks, the improvement was even more evident.
Without exception, each of the patients said that his mouth and teeth felt cleaner, fresher and more comfortable even after the first day but markedly so after several days' use. All wanted to continue to use the mouthwash. The gingival and periodontal index was determined by the technique described by J. Silliness et al, Acta. Odont. Scand. 22, 121 and by photography before each patient used the mouthwash and 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months after using the mouthwash. With disclosing wafers, there was obvious clinical evidence of less bacteriological plaque accumulation after using the mouthwash. Plaque accumulation decreased consistently as the patient continued to use the mouthwash.
EXAMPLE 4
To evaluate the mouthwash described in Example 1 for its effect in killing oral bacteria, twenty-three patients ranging in age from 19 to 52 years were tested. The patients were divided into two groups. The patients in Group I were given a placebo mouthwash like that in Example 1 but with no zinc sulfate or ascorbic acid. Those in Group II were given the mouthwash described in Example 1.
Each patient was asked to rinse his mouth with the mouthwash for 2 minutes and then to empty. A swab culture was taken before and at 5, 10 and 30 minute intervals after using the mouthwash. The results are reported in Table I below and show that the mouthwash described in Example 1 significantly decreased the bacteria in the oral cavity even after the mouthwash had been discharged.
TABLE I ______________________________________ Number of Bacterial cells/ml Group I Group II ______________________________________ Before using mouthwash 4.8 .times. 10.sup.7 .+-. 0.98 4.9 .times. 10.sup.7 + 0.78 5 minutes after mouthwash 4.7 .times. 10.sup.7 0.65 3.1 .times. 10.sup.6 .+-. 0.45 10 minutes after mouthwash 4.9.times. 10.sup.7 .+-. 0.74 1.3 .times. 10.sup.6 0.61 30 minutes after mouthwash 4.8 .times. 10.sup.7 .+-. 0.34 0.5 .times. 10.sup.6 0.04 ______________________________________
EXAMPLE 5
Seventeen pregnant women, ranging in age from 20 to 32 years, in the third trimester, suffering from pregnancy gingivitis were examined and classified into one of two categories. Those with gingivitis without any hyperplastic signs and those with gingivitis gravidarum. Seven of the patients were classified as having gingivitis without any hyperplastic signs and ten patients were classified as having gingivitis gravidarum with hyperplastic signs.
Patients were divided into two groups for treatment. Three patients from the first category and five patients from the second category were given daily amounts of 50 mg of ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O and 100 mg of vitamin C orally for one month.
The remaining nine patients were given the mouthwash described in Example 1 and instructed to use it twice daily.
The treatment with orally administered zinc sulfate and ascorbic acid was not effective. There was no increase in the zinc or ascorbic acid levels in the saliva but there was an increase in the blood level due to the treatment.
With the other patients, bleeding stopped after one week and the gingiva returned to its normal pink color after one month. Ascorbic acid in the saliva increased from 15.6 .mu.g/gram to 31.2 .mu.g/gram and the zinc level in the saliva increased from 10 .mu.g/gram to 18.6 .mu.g/gram. Hence, it is seen that treatment with the mouthwash of Example 1 during pregnancy has a greater effect than treatment with zinc salt and vitamin C orally.
EXAMPLE 6
Eleven patients suffering with canker sores, not of herpes simplex origin, were instructed to rinse three times a day with the mouthwash described in Example 1. After one day, the patients were relieved and could drink acidic liquids such as orange juice which had been painful before. After four days, the canker sores were completely healed and the treatment was stopped.
In the first year, the patients had recurrent canker sores six times. Each time, the sores were treated for four days. In the second year, they experienced recurrence two times, in the third year there was no recurrence. The patients have been followed four years. To date there has been no recurrence.
Eight other patients with canker sores, not of herpes simplex origin, were instructed to use the mouthwash described in Example 1 twice a day, once in the morning and once before bedtime. In the first year, the patients experienced recurrent sores three to four times a year. In the second year, there has been no recurrence.
EXAMPLE 7
Sixteen men suffering with throat infection were given the mouthwash described in Example 1 and advised to use it twice a day for a week. Before treatment, swab cultures revealed heavy growth of alpha Streptococcus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.
At the beginning of the treatment, some of the patients could not swallow food due to the infection. Twenty-four hours after using the mouthwash, the situation had eased. All patients could eat normally after two days. After six days, swab cultures revealed no growth of the above-mentioned organisms. No adverse side effects or discomfort because of the treatment was noted.
EXAMPLE 8
A mouthwash was prepared from the following components:
95% Ethyl alcohol--200 ml
ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O--20 g
Ascorbic acid--20 g
TWEEN 80*--100 ml
Vitamin E--1,000 I. U.
Water, q.s.--1,000 ml
*polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate
EXAMPLE 9
Sixty-three patients ranging in age from 40 to 68 years were tested for taste acuity determined by measurement of the detection and recognition thresholds for four taste qualities: NaCl for salt, sucrose for sweet, HCl for sour and urea for bitter. Twenty-two of the patients had normal taste and 41 had idiopathic hypogeusia.
Each of the hypogeusia patients was instructed to rinse his mouth twice a day with the mouthwash provided therefor. To note the placebo effect, nine of the idiopathic hypogeusia patients were given a placebo like the mouthwash described in Example 8 but without zinc sulfate or ascorbic acid. All of the other patients used the mouthwash described in Example 8. Parotid saliva was collected before treatment and one and three months after treatment. The results are reported in Table II below. The hypogeusia patients receiving the placebo did not improve during the 3 month trial period but the taste of the patients using the mouthwash described in Example 8 improved after one month and became normal after three months.
TABLE II ______________________________________ Zinc Concentration ppb in Salvia Mouthwash Before One Month Three Months ______________________________________ Normal Placebo 49 .+-. 16 53 .+-. 12 50 .+-. 18 Hypogeusia Example 18 13 .+-. 2 38 .+-. 10 47 .+-. 13 ______________________________________
EXAMPLE 10
In this example, zinc sulfate and ascorbic acid was checked for its effectiveness on two of the bacterial species known to be implicated in dental plaque. These results were then compared with the effect of a synergistic combination of zinc sulfate and ascorbic acid.
Culture media were prepared with ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O or ascorbic acid or a combination thereof in Tryplic Soy Broth and in a concentration of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 or 10 percent by weight/volume. These broths were then placed in 1 ml tubes and 0.001 ml of an inoculum containing 1.times.10.sup.8 alpha Streptococci cells/ml or the same concentration of Staphylococcus epidermidis was added to the tubes. The tubes were then incubated over night and the bacterial growth was determined the next day.
All of the tubes showed no growth in the streptococci-inoculated media in the presence of all levels of zinc sulfate or ascorbic acid. In the case of the staphylococci-inoculated media, 80 percent of the cultured bacteria were killed in the presence of 0.5 percent by weight/volume of ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O or ascorbic acid.
When the concentration of the ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O or ascorbic acid was increased to 5 percent by weight/volume, all of the staphylococci were also killed. The same result, however, was obtained with a combination of 0.5 percent ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O with 0.5 percent ascorbic acid. This indicates a synergistic effect between zinc ions and ascorbic acid in their antimicrobial activity against the organisms tested.
EXAMPLE 11
In this example the effect of the mouthwash prepared in Example 1 was tested against the same bacteria as in Example 10. An 0.001 ml aliquant of a staphylococcus inoculum containing 6.times.10.sup.11 cells/ml or a similar aliquant of a streptococcus inoculum containing 4.2.times.10.sup.10 cells/ml was added to a test tube.
A volume of the mouthwash described in Example 1 was added to each tube such that the concentration of ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O and ascorbic acid were both 0.5 percent by weight/volume. In another set of experiments, the mouthwash of Example 1 was diluted with water 1:1 such that the concentration of the zinc sulfate and acid was half of that described above.
The concentration of the bacteria was then determined after 30 sec and after 1, 2, 5 and 30 minutes. The results are reported in Table III below.
TABLE III ______________________________________ 30 sec 1 min 2 min 5 min 30 min ______________________________________ Mouthwash from Example 1 Concentrated Staphylococcus NG* NG NG NG NG Streptococcus 3 .times. 10.sup.6 NG NG NG NG Diluted 1:1 Staphylococcus 3 .times. 10.sup.5 4 .times. 10.sup.5 9 .times. 10.sup.4 6 .times. 10.sup.4 1 .times. 10.sup.3 Streptococcus 1.5 .times. 10.sup.6 2.9 .times. 10.sup.6 2.3 .times. 10.sup.5 NG NG ______________________________________ *No Growth
EXAMPLE 12
Culture media were prepared with ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O or ascorbic acid or a combination thereof in Tryplic Soy Broth as described in Example 10. These broths were then inoculated with 0.1 ml of an inoculum containing 8.times.10.sup.8 cells/ml of Escherichia coli ATCC-25922 or 5.times.10.sup.8 cells/ml of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results are reported in Table IV below wherein and throughout the following examples the symbol H+ indicates that there was heavy growth, M+ moderate growth, S+ scant growth and NG that there was no growth.
TABLE IV ______________________________________ Concentration percent by weight/volume 0.25 0.5 1.0 2.0 4.0 8.0 Control ______________________________________ ZnSO.sub.4 . 7H.sub.2 O E. coli -- H+ NG NG NG NG H+ P. aeruginosa -- H+ S+ S+ S+ S+ H+ Ascorbic acid E. coli -- S+ H+ NG NG NG H+ P. aeruginosa -- H+ M+ S+ NG NG H+ Combination ZnSO.sub.4 . 7H.sub.2 O and ascorbic acid E. coli H+ M+ S+ NG NG -- H+ P. aeruginosa S+ S+ NG NG NG -- H+ ______________________________________
EXAMPLE 13
The effectiveness of the mouthwash described in Example 1 was tested for its antimicrobial effect on Streptococcus mutans, ATCC No. 25175, Actinomyces viscosus, ATCC No. 19246 and Candida albicans, ATCC No. 18804. It was found effective in inhibiting the growth of all of the test organisms.
EXAMPLE 14
The effectiveness of zinc salts, ascorbic acid and a combination thereof was tried in an amount below that necessary for a synergistic combination. More particularly, ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O, ascorbic acid and combinations thereof were tested at the 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 percent by weight/volume level for its antimicrobial effect against alpha Streptococcus, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Actinomyces israeli and Actinomyces viscosus. All samples showed heavy growth with zinc alone, ascorbic acid alone or their 1:1 combination at the 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 concentrations.
EXAMPLE 15
The effectiveness of the mouthwash described in Example 1 in the presence of biological fluids such as sterile animal serum was tested for its antimicrobial effect on alpha Streptococci and Staphylococcus epidermidis. It was found that the mouthwash was effective against these organisms in the presence of the serum.
EXAMPLE 16
Ascorbic acid when dissolved in water tends to oxidize and is not stable for a long period of time. However, when ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O is added to an ascorbic acid solution, it becomes more stable. Stability can be extended to one year by adding 1000 I. U. Vitamin E per liter of solution containing 0.5 percent by weight/volume of ZnSO.sub.4.7H.sub.2 O and of ascorbic acid. The results of these tests are reported in Table V below.
TABLE V ______________________________________ Active Ascorbic Acid 0 1 month 3 months 6 months 1 year ______________________________________ 2% Ascorbic acid 20 16.6 15.4 12.2 10.1 2% Ascorbic acid and ZnSO.sub.4 . 7H.sub.2 O 20 20 19.8 18.7 17.6 Mouthwash Example 1 20 20 20 19.6 18.4 Mouthwash Example 18 20 20 20 20 19.5 ______________________________________
From the above, it is seen that TWEEN also increases the stability of the vitamin C.
In view of the above, it will be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other advantageous results attained. As various changes could be made in the above compositions and methods without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. The invention accordingly comprises the compositions and methods hereinbefore described, the scope of the invention being indicated by the subjoined claims.
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Miswak the Miracle Brush « Youth Matters
| The sap from this tree kills bacteria. Other tree types that are used are the arak tree, peelo tree, olive, walnut, and other trees with bitter roots. ... http://youthmatters.wordpress.com/ |
Let’s try to understand exactly what this powerful dental hygiene tool is, and why everyone has an uncle who has one stashed in the depths of their bathroom cabinets.
Okay-lets just try to focus on the first one.
Background
The Miswak is a natural toothbrush made from the twigs of the Salvadora persica. The Miswak is also referred to as Siwak, Neem, African Chewing Stick, and the non technical, ‘piece of wood.’ Oh, and its not only found in the those countries.
American Indians used fresh bark from the prickly ash tree to clean their teeth. The sap from this tree kills bacteria. Other tree types that are used are the arak tree, peelo tree, olive, walnut, and other trees with bitter roots.
End (s)
(pun intended)
Application
Aisha (RA) said:’The Prophet (Peace be Upon him) said, ‘It ( Miswak) is a purification for the mouth and it is a way of seeking Allah’s pleasures.’ (Source:Sahih Bukhari)
Advantages
- Instant reward in this world, and the hereafter InshaAllah!
- does not require: water or sink
- easily carried
- disposable
- biodegradable
- everyone’s uncle has one (trust me)
HOW TO USE THE MISWAK
STEP ONE:
Simply scrape off about half an inch from the tip.
STEP TWO:
Then chew the tip gently until brush-like
STEP THREE:
Start brushing horizontally.
STEP FOUR:
After brushing wash the tip.
STEP FIVE:
Store miswak in packet provided so it doesn’t become dirty.
STEP SIX:
Before going sleep store the miswak in a glass filled with water and put the part of the miswak that was used and leave it overnight to be soaked.
STEP SEVEN:
In the morning cut the bristles and start from step one again, this ensures u have clean bristles every day so that it is more hygienic and effective.
[Source: Collected & Edited by MiracleBrush.com Team]
Tips
- a Miswak should be one hand span in length
- It shouldn’t be too brittle, or too soft
- If it becomes dry, soak in rose water to ensure the end is soft
- wash after every use
- the best way to shape it is using a tool that isn’t too sharp (kitchen knife) or too dull (your little sisters scissors) but rather something in between like an unused garden tool cutter
my personal recommendation:
Food for Thought
Miswak. It is the ultimate toothbrush. Remember that one time you were talking to that person who had horrible bad breath? Remember how you kept trying to avoid having them talk by being quiet, and how that only made them talk more? Bad breath is not only embarrassing, its not in accordance with our Deen.
How much time and effort would you put into impressing a potential spouse? How about getting ready for a job interview? You definitely would not plan on preparing for similar events without taking care of your oral hygiene. Try and see if you can take care of your oral hygiene every time you step out of the house, and especially when you come back into house. Your family deserves the effort. Finally, imagine getting ready for prayer and facing our Creator, Allah Subhanhau wa tala. The Prophet (Peace be Upon him) himself, used to use the miswak before every prayer (Sahih Muslim, Vol.1). If you can’t snag a Miswak, at least spend some time cleaning your mouth beforehand. Notice that doesn’t mean during Salaah (gross, man). Oh, and everyone can see and smell through you, if you pop a piece of gum or an altoid, it is not the same.
Lets try our best to follow the Sunnah. Perhaps next time we open our mouth to tell someone cleanliness is half our religion we’ll actually be following it, inshaAllah. Our Prophet (Peace be Upon him) expected us to do so.
Abu Ayyub narrates that Rasulullah (Peace be Upon him) said:’Four things are amongst the practices of the Ambiyaa—circumcision, application of perfume, Miswaak and marriage’. (Source:Ahmad and Tirmidhi)
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Miswak is also contributing in the fight against desertification. Desertification? No, not the one involving a
pint of Blue Bell and one spoon. See effects of Salvadora Persica “Miswak tree” on stopping deserts and fixing the soil, thereby affecting our environment and global climate.
translation: It can stop the onset of an approaching desert. Whoa.
And here you thought it couldn’t handle your mouth’s bacteria ? Tsk tsk…
‘Piece of wood,’ indeed!
sources
-miraclebrush.com a wonderful resource dedicated to implementing this sunnah, check it out!
-wikipedia search: ‘miswak‘
- watch out, its Peelu USA!
Yeah, when I was back in Medina, I would sometimes use it. The best miswak are the “moist ones” fresh and still flexible. These are usually “hot/peppery” when you use them. Very good.
That hot/peppery taste are those awesome chemicals that kill bacteria! But most of us aren’t lucky enough to get it so fresh, an overnight rose water treatment gets pretty close though…
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[PDF]
Herbs for Treating Periodontal Disease
| File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat kill the various oral bacteria. 4. Allopathic Treatment .... Bitters should definitely be. added to the formula for patients with ... www.liebertonline.com/ |
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This herb is the richest source of a potent antiseptic called cineole, which kills bad breath bacteria. Take a green cardamom and chew it after meals for a ...
http://clearblogs.com/symptomsandcausesofgout/ HALITOSIS DETAILS
Saturday, May 5, 2007
INTRODUCTION: Halitosis is bad or sour smelling breath. Bad breath can be acute (short term) or chronic (long term) depending on the cause. It may indicate the need to clean the teeth and mouth more often, tooth or gum disease, or intestinal disorders. MEANING: Halitosis, oral malodor (scientific term), breath odor, or most commonly bad breath are terms used to describe noticeably unpleasant odors exhaled in breathing. TYPES OF HALITOSIS: The following are the types of Halitosis. Transient Halitosis: It is a very common temporary condition caused by such things as oral dryness, stress, hunger (ketosis), eating certain foods such as garlic, onions, and cheese, smoking, or poor oral hygiene. Chronic Halitosis: This condition is usually caused by persistent overpopulation of certain types of oral bacteria, primarily Streptococcus mutants, and requires specialized treatment. Xerostomia (dry mouth syndrome) will increase bad breath problems. Fetor hepaticas is a type of severely bad breath caused by chronic liver failure. SYMPTOMS OF HALITOSIS: Some bad breath symptoms sour taste, metallic taste, post nasal drainage, halitosis, film on tongue, tongue film, dry mouth, and yellow film. The following are the Symptoms Commonly Experienced by Halitosis Sufferers. * A white or Yellow Film on the Tongue * Dry Mouth * Bitter, Sour, or Metallic Tastes * Post Nasal Drainage * White Nodules on the Tonsils * Brushing and Dental Flossing the Teeth Makes no Difference * A Loss of Self Confidence and Self Esteem CAUSES OF HALITOSIS: There are a number of possible causes of halitosis. Below we have listed some possible causes of a bad breath condition and have separated them into medical and dental causes. Medical Causes: * Sinus infections & abnormal sinus anatomies, post nasal drainage (drips) * Tonsilar infections or tonsillitis * Lung diseases * Kidney diseases * Liver diseases * Blood disorders * Diabetes * Gallbladder dysfunction. * Menstruation. * Carcinomas. * Certain foods. DENTAL CAUSES: * Extensive dental decay * Periodontal (gum) disease * Oral infections or abscesses * Oral cancers * Xerostomia (dry mouth condition). Many medications can contribute to a condition of xerostomia. * Oral conditions resulting from post-nasal drips or discharges * Allergy conditions * A proliferation of specific types of gram (-) anaerobic bacteria. * The commonest cause of halitosis is poor oral hygiene”. Other simple causes include: * Acute tonsillitis * Diet such as garlic, onions and curries * Smoking and alcohol * Drugs including isosorbide dinitrate and disulfiram Rarer causes of bad breath include: * Foetor hepaticus. * Uraemia – fishy. * Anaerobic chest infection – putrid. * Abdominal sepsis - acute appendicitis. * Bacterial tracheitis. HERBS FOR HALITOSIS: Halitosis home remedy treatment is quite effective. Following are some Halitosis cure home remedies: Guava: Consume a very green raw guava, as it serves as an excellent home remedy for halitosis. Cardamom and Chew: This herb is the richest source of a potent antiseptic called cineole, which kills bad breath bacteria. Take a green cardamom and chew it after meals for a longer duration. Avocado: Avocado is considered valuable in treating the problem of bad breath. Juice: Fruit and vegetable juices help a great deal in getting rid of bad breath. Fenugreek: Prepare tea from fenugreek leaves and drink it everyday. It is a best home remedy for Halitosis. Eucalyptus: Eucalyptus is a tall evergreen tree native to The DOs and Don’ts of HALITOSIS: * Clean teeth regularly. * Brush our gums and teeth using the proper technique. * Practice regular cleaning of our tongue, either by scraping or brushing. * Use an alcohol-free mouthwash regularly. * Drink plenty of liquids * Chew sugar-free gum especially when our mouth feels dry. Alternatives include parsley, mints, fennel seeds or dill seeds. * Clean our mouth after eating or drinking milk products, fish or meat * Keep our dentures clean and soak them overnight in antiseptic solution * Eat fibrous vegetables and fruits to stimulate saliva flow and reduce build-up of food particles. DON'Ts: * Don’t drink too much coffee. * Don’t let young children use mouthwash as they tend to swallow it * Don’t Rely solely on mouthwashes - instead, practice good oral hygiene and eating habits. Plz also visit:http://www.herbsandcures.com |
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I am a dental hygienist, speaker and writer and have been fascinated by miswaks for years.I have seen the positive results from patients who use these devices. My patients have brought me some over thirty years ago from Dubai and Nigeria. I love the photos in your blog. Would you be willing to share these with me for my presentations and articles? Thank you for an informative piece.