More than a hundred people, including a cluster of Amish farmers, packed a Senate hearing room to support the production and retail selling of raw milk in Pennsylvania.
Equally passionate are health officials and food-safety researchers who say they firmly believe that unpasteurized milk, with its high levels of food-borne pathogens, is unsafe.
Senate Agricultural Committee Chairman Michael Brubaker (R., Lancaster) said he convened the hearing to consider both sides of the highly charged issue before deciding whether to seek legislation to either expand the range of raw-milk products allowed in the state or to toughen existing regulations.
The hearing comes at a time when, with the growing popularity of raw milk, increased attention has been brought on what is still considered a niche sector of state agriculture. "Life is full of risks," testified Peggy Wolf of Carlisle, a confirmed raw-milk drinker who credits it with maintaining her children's good health. "People are killed every day in cars, but we don't pass laws to eliminate them."
Raw-milk devotees say they are part of a growing trend of Americans turning toward local farm products out of concern for the safety of food shipped long distances.
"People are clamoring for these products," said Brian Snyder, executive director of Pennsylvania Association for Sustainable Agriculture, drawing several rounds of applause during his testimony. "This is about access to healthy food and consumer choice."
But Michael Huff, a deputy secretary for the Department of Health, while not calling for its ban, testified that raw milk is an "inherently unsafe product," linked to outbreaks of salmonella, listeria and E. coli. Health officials estimate that between 30 and 35 people in Pennsylvania have been sickened this year.
Still, in the Philadelphia area, raw-milk consumers have emerged as true believers in the cause. They bypass the supermarkets and travel long distances to farms in south-central Pennsylvania.
Many consumers appear to delight in being part of what they regard as a quasi-underground movement that exists largely on word of mouth; sales are legal here but not in 25 other states, including Maryland, Delaware and New Jersey. In a reverse of the liquor sales phenomenon, many raw-milk imbibers cross state lines into Pennsylvania to buy their products.
"My personal belief is that there is no interest in making legal milk illegal," said Brubaker. "But I do think that the question of whether regulations are adequate or whether they need modification is worthy of debate."
There are currently 75 raw-milk permit holders, which is almost double the number that were issued in 2005. Permits require periodic inspection of the dairy herd and milking equipment and testing against disease. Some at the hearing said they wanted to expand the sale of raw-milk products, which now include only aged cheese, to allow the production of yogurt and ice cream. Other are asking the state to eliminate the permitting process altogether.
But Huff said there was a greater likelihood for an increase in human illnesses as the number of permits issued by the Department of Agriculture grew. "We are not contesting the sale of raw milk, but we are contesting the expansion of the sale of products from raw milk," Huff said.
Others say, at a time of increasing government restrictions, it boils down to a basic fight over the right to choose what one wants to eat and drink.
"We're grown-ups. We want the ability to make our own decisions," said William Stawitz, who lives near Harrisburg and travels 30 miles to a farm to buy his raw milk and eggs from free-range chickens. "Like everything else, it should be 'buyer beware.' "
Contact staff writer Amy Worden at 717-783-2584 or aworden@....===

















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Arnica Absolute (Arnica montana) Also known as wolf's bane or leopard's bane. A yellowy- orange liquid with a strong pungent scent similar to radish. When added to a salve, it helps to promote the healing of bruises, wounds, and irritation, however, only a very diluted tincture should be used. The essential oil is highly toxic and can cause blistering and inflammation.
Cedarwood, Atlas, (Cedrus atlantica) Believed to be one of the first oils extracted by the Egyptians. Historically is recognized for its purifying properties and as a preservative and incense. It is also used as a fixative and fragrance component, especially in men's fragrances. It is characterized by a warm camphoraceous top note, and a tenacious sweet, woody, balsamic undertone. It blends well with most oriental and floral bases, as well as costus, bergamot, rosewood, cypress, jasmine, juniper, neroli, frankincense, rosemary, clary sage oak moss, and ylang ylang. It is used in the treatment of dandruff, acne, dermatitis, eczema, and nervous tension. Add it to shampoos or facial washes to reduce oily secretions, One drop in a half a cup of water makes a gargle to treat a sore throat. A few drops, combined with eucalyptus in steaming water eases the symptoms of bronchitis and colds. Do not confuse with Virginia or Texas cedarwood. Not to be used During Pregnancy or by young children.
Chamomile, Roman (Anthemis noblis) This herb's medicinal properties have been known for at least 2000 years. The essential oil when fresh, has a pale blue color that changes to yellow. It has a warm, herbaceous, fruity scent that blends well with bergamot, clary sage, geranium, jasmine, lavender, neroli, oak moss, and rose. It is often added to hair products since it imparts a bright yellow color to the hair.
Juniper Berry (Juniperus communis) Characterized by a fresh, sweet, woody, balsamic odor. It blends well with bergamot, benzoin, cedarwood, the citrus oils, clary sage, cypress, elemi, fir needle, frankincense, galbanum, geranium, lavender, oak moss, pine, rosemary, sandalwood, tulu balsam, and vetiver. Berries and extracts are used in diuretic and laxative preparations, flea and tick repellants, spicy fragrances and aftershaves. Juniper is said to be useful in the treatment of acne, dermatitis, weeping eczema, hair loss, as a skin toner, and to remove an accumulation of toxins. However, it should be avoided during pregnancy, and by those with kidney disease.
Lavender, (Lavandula officinalis) One of the most versatile cosmetic herbs, and the most widely recognized scents. It blends well with most oils, especially citrus and florals, as well as cedarwood, clary sage, clove, geranium, labdanum, patchouli, oak moss, and vetiver. Medicinally it soothes burns, eases headaches, and promotes restful sleep. It is also a component of natural insect repellants, athlete's foot preparations, and is said to ease the symptoms of herpes.
Nutmeg, (Myristica fragrans) Has been used for centuries as a culinary spice as well as a remedy for digestive and kidney problems. the oil is characterized by a sweet, warm, spicy scent that blends well with bay leaf, clary sage, coriander, geranium, lavandin, lime, mandarin, orange, petitgrain, peru balsam, rosemary, and other spice oils. It is often used in perfumes, especially men's fragrances. Externally nutmeg can be used for sore muscles and nervous fatigue.
Peppermint, (Mentha piperita) One of the most well known cultivars of the mint family. It has a grassy, minty, camphoraceous odor. It blends well with benzoin, cedarwood, eucalyptus, lavender, lemon, marjoram, other mints, niaouli, pine, and rosemary. It is said to be stimulating to a tired brain, useful for headaches, sore throats, muscle aches, insect bites, toothaches, and as a breath freshener. Added to skin preparations it has a cooling effect. One drop on a sugar cube or on a teaspoon of honey has a slightly anesthetic effect on stomach muscles. Good for travel sickness, nausea, and vomiting.
Rosemary, (Rosmarinus officinalis) One of the earliest plants to be used by man. It is characterized by a minty herbaceous scent with a woody balsamic undertone. Spanish rosemary has a camphorous top not and is considered of poorer quality. It blends well with basil, cedarwood, cinnamon, citronella, elemi, frankincense, ginger, grapefruit, labdanum, lavender, orange, oregano, parsley, peppermint, petitgrain, pine, the spice oils, and thyme, It is said to clear the head and aid memory, and is an anitmicrobial and antioxidant. It is used for circulatory problems of the extremities, such as cold feet, and in muscular remedies since it stimulates blood circulation, and it helps lower high blood sugar. It is used in shampoos and hair treatments to stimulate blood circulation to the scalp, thus being beneficial for promoting hair growth. It will also enhance the color of dark hair, counters split ends, reduces static charge. Rosemary is not suitable for people with epilepsy or high blood pressure, avoid in pregnancy.
Spearmint, (Mentha spiced) Characterized by a warm, spicy, sweet, minty, herbaceous odor. Not as sharp as peppermint, but finer. It blends well with basil, eucalyptus, basil, lavender, and rosemary. The properties of spearmint resemble those of peppermint but are less powerful. See peppermint. Spearmint is best suited to treating children.
Wintergreen, (Gaultheria procumbens) Possesses a refreshing sweet, fruity, woody, minty odor, almost identical to white birch. It blends well with pine, peppermint, and lemon. It is primarily used for muscular and joint problems such as arthritis. Use with caution, The essential oil contains up to 98% methyl salicylate (the main ingredient in aspirin) and is interchangeable with sweet birch oil. It is considered toxic, and a dermal irritant before dilution. It should be avoided by children and those allergic to aspirin. Wear latex gloves when handling undiluted oil.
Ylang Ylang, (Canangium odoratum) The Flower of Flowers. In Indonesia the flowers are spread on the bed of the happy couple on their wedding night. It relaxes body, mind, and spirit, and an aphrodisiac. In the Victorian age, the oil was a popular hair treatment, and has been used to soothe insect bites. It was also believed to have a regulating effect on cardiac and respiratory rhythm. The flowers are distilled 4 times with each successive distillation resulting in a lesser grade of oil. The first pressing is call ylang ylang extra, followed by grades 1, 2, and 3. Grade 3 is often used for soap making. An absolute and a concrete are also produced by solvent extraction. Ylang ylang extra is an intensely sweet, soft, floral, balsamic, spicy scent. A good quality oil will also have a rich, creamy top note. It is extensively used as a fragrance component and fixative in perfumery, and is the basis of Chanel No5. It blends well with bergamot, cassie, citronella, costus, jasmine, lavender, lemon, mimosa, opopanax, peru balsam, rose, rosewood, sandalwood, tuberose, verbena, and vetiver. The other grades lack the depth and richness of ylang ylang extra. Excessive use may lead to headaches and nausea. Could possibly irritate sensitive skins and indicated against use on inflammatory skin conditions and dermatitis.